Guide To Brutalism in Berlin
Last Updated on February 20, 2025
Whether you love concrete, a little architectural drama, or dreams of a socialist utopia, you are probably a fan of brutalism. And if you’re visiting (or a longtime resident) you might be wondering about brutalist buildings in Berlin.
Berlin boasts its fair share of concrete giants, born from the rubble of World War II, which stand as testament to a city’s resilience and its complex relationship with modernity.
While some dismiss these structures as cold and uninviting, Berlin’s Brutalist buildings tell a story of innovation, ideology, and urban transformation.
The History of Brutalism
Brutalism, an architectural style that flourished in the mid-20th century, is characterized by its prominent use of raw concrete (“béton brut” in French).
Brutalism arose from a desire to break away from traditional architectural styles and find new, more efficient ways of building. This led to a diverse range of structures, each responding to specific site conditions and available resources.
However, this bold style was not universally loved. While once celebrated for its unique aesthetic, it has since become a subject of controversy, with critics complaining about its monotony and harshness. Conversely, admirers champion its raw honesty and simplicity.
The Rise of Brutalism in Berlin
In the 1950s and 1960s, as Berlin grappled with post-war reconstruction, Brutalism emerged as both a practical and ideological choice. The style’s use of raw concrete (béton brut) and emphasis on functional honesty aligned perfectly with the city’s need for rapid rebuilding and its rejection of pre-war architectural grandeur.
The divided city became a unique laboratory for Brutalist expression. In West Berlin, architects like Werner Düttmann created bold statements like the Academy of Arts (1960), with its imposing concrete facade and dramatic spatial sequences. In East Berlin, the style took on additional political dimensions, embodying socialist ideals of collective living and institutional power.
Preservation & The Future of Brutalist Building in Berlin
Today, Berlin’s Brutalist heritage faces both celebration and challenge. While some buildings have gained protected status, others face demolition threats. For example, the famous Mäusebunker was only recently saved from future demolition and the fate of the Bayer building hangs is still undecided.
The recent movement to appreciate and preserve these structures reflects a growing understanding of their historical and architectural significance.
Berliners, particularly artists and architects, have begun to embrace these buildings and this style with fresh eyes. The work of architecture studio Brandlhuber+, who designed a few buildings on this list, can be described as Neo-Brutalism.
What was once dismissed as ugly is increasingly recognized as an essential part of Berlin’s architectural DNA. Raising awareness about Berlin’s brutalist buildings is a way we can help preserve them for the future.
22 Brutalist Buildings in Berlin
1. Mäusebunker
The most famous brutalist building in Berlin is likely to be The Mäusebunker. This concrete behemoth is a striking example of Brutalist architecture designed by Technische Universität professor and architect Gerd Hänska in 1981. Its imposing form, reminiscent of a battleship or a wartime bunker, has made it one of the city’s most recognizable landmarks. However, not everyone is a fan! It has also long been a source of both admiration and controversy in Berlin.
Originally constructed as an animal research laboratory for the Freie Universität Berlin, the building’s function further fueled debate. However, despite facing calls for demolition as recently as 2020, the Mäusebunker has been granted landmark status by the Department of Heritage Protection, ensuring its preservation for future generations.
Please note that this building is not exactly visitor-friendly. It’s completely fenced up and there are security cameras. I did manage to sneak a bit closer a few years ago—but trespass at your own risk!
Address: Krahmerstraße 6, 12207 (Zelendorf) | Map
2. Institut für Hygiene und Umweltmedizin | Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin
Right next to the Mäusebunker, lies the Institut für Hygiene und Umweltmedizin. The building, designed by Hermann Fehling and Daniel Gogel, exemplifies the unique character of post-war German Modernism.
The building showcases a captivating interplay of curved surfaces, rectilinear planes, and a striking triangular prism, all meticulously crafted in board-marked concrete. This organic interpretation of Brutalism solidifies Fehling and Gogel’s position as key figures in the evolution of 20th-century German architecture.
This building is not open to the public but since it’s not fenced in, it’s easy to admire it from the outside.
Address: Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203 (Zelendorf) | Map
3. Bierpinsel
The Bierpinsel is a unique and striking example of Brutalist architecture in Berlin. It was designed by the renowned architect couple Ralph Schüler and Ursulina Schüler-Witte (also responsible for the iconic ICC Conference Center in Berlin-Westend). While the architects envisioned a tree-like form, the building’s unique silhouette quickly earned it the nickname “Bierpinsel” (beer brush) from local residents.
Situated prominently beside a highway in the Steglitz district, the Bierpinsel once housed a vibrant mix of restaurants, bars, pubs, and even a nightclub across its four levels. However, the building closed its doors permanently in 2006, leaving behind a vacant and somewhat enigmatic presence in the Berlin landscape. I hope that one day it receives the makeover it deserves!
Address: Schloßstraße 17, 12163 Steglitz | Map
4. International Congress Center | ICC
The International Congress Center (ICC) Berlin, a prominent example of Brutalist architecture, stands as a landmark next to the highway in the west side of Berlin. Designed by the architectural duo of Ralf Schüler and Ursulina Schüler-Witte, the ICC was completed in 1979 during the Cold War era.
I call this one my favorite spaceship for its bold curves and overall futuristic design. Fun fact: The building is in fact so large it can be seen from outer space!
Unfortunately, the ICC currently stands in disuse. However, it has been saved from an uncertain future. Recently, it has been decided to be renovated and the search is on for the future design.
Visitors are currently only able to view the outside. However, sometimes the building is opened up for special events. (And if you can go, I highly recommend it!) Also, if you go here I also recommend checking out the futuristic pedestrian underpass right next to it. It has been used in many TV shows and movies, including The Hunger Games.
Address: Messedamm, 14055 (Charlottenburg) | Map
5. Akademie der Kunst
Constructed in 1960 as part of the Hansaviertel development, the Academy of Arts complex stands in Tiergarten. While part of Hansaviertel, it was not initially part of the Interbau project and thus exhibits a distinct character, leaning more towards Brutalist aesthetics than the surrounding modernist structures.
Unlike the uniform buildings of Hansaviertel, the Academy of Arts complex showcases a less structured, more individualistic approach. Brick and copper are prominent materials, contrasting with the concrete and aluminum prevalent elsewhere in the district.
Visitors can easily see the building’s exterior. But of course, you can also go inside to the exhibition or just to have a coffee at the cafe downstairs. Info here. (But be sure to look for events at this building, not their other location by Brandenburg Tor.)
Address: Hanseatenweg 10, 10557 (Moabit) | Map
6. Unité d’Habitation
Following the success of his groundbreaking Unité d’Habitation projects in Marseille and Nantes-Rezé, Le Corbusier brought his vision of high-density, modernist living to Berlin. Designed to address the critical housing shortage that followed World War II, this ambitious project aimed to provide much-needed social housing for the city.
Construction on this large-scale “Plattenbau” commenced in 1957 and remarkably, was completed within a mere 18 months. Employing the principles of industrial construction, the building utilized prefabricated concrete panels and poured concrete slabs, enabling rapid and efficient assembly.
Originally envisioned for a site in Hansaviertel, the Berlin Unité d’Habitation was ultimately deemed too large for its intended location. As a result, the project was relocated to Flatowallee, a site on the outskirts of the city near the Grunewald Forest.
Address: Flatowallee 16, 14055 Westend | Map
7. Interbau Apartment House (Oscar Niemeyer)
Most people associate Oscar Niemeyer with modernism and brutalism in Brazil. However, there is one Niemeyer building, hidden way in Berlin’s modernist Hansaviertel. The Oscar Niemeyer Haus, a striking example of modernist architecture, was completed in 1957 as part of Interbau, a post-World War II social housing initiative.
Elevated on distinctive V-shaped pillars, the building creates a shaded walkway below, a hallmark of modernist design. The apartments boast spacious terraces with glass doors, private decks adorned with mesh and metal railings, and retractable orange awnings that add a touch of Brazilian style.
Address: Altonaer Str. 6, 10557 Berlin | Map
8. Pallasseum
The Pallasseum is another building that Berliners have a love-hate relationship with. This striking Brutalist residential complex in Berlin’s Schöneberg district, was initially known as “Wohnen am Kleistpark” and colloquially as the “Sozialpalast.” Designed by architects Jürgen Sawade, Dieter Frowein, Dietmar Grötzebach, and Günter Plessow, it was built between 1974 and 1977 on the site of the demolished Berliner Sportpalast.
The complex features a dominant twelve-story structure that stretches across Pallasstraße, overshadowing neighboring buildings, complemented by three shorter six-story sections enclosing communal courtyards. While initially hailed as a model of modern urban living, the Pallasseum later faced social challenges, including increasing vandalism and a decline in public perception.
In response, a comprehensive revitalization effort commenced in 1999, spearheaded by local community management. This involved significant upgrades, including redesigned entrances and stairwells, and the creation of new communal spaces such as the Pallaspark and a resident café. Concurrently, the complex was renamed “Pallasseum,” marking a symbolic shift towards a positive image.
Address: Pallasstraße 3, 10781 Schöneberg | Map
9. St. Agnes
Originally destroyed during the war, St Agnes was reimagined by Werner Düttmann, a leading figure in German post-war Modernism. Rejecting the notion of isolation, Düttmann envisioned a structure that would “stand in the way,” becoming an integral part of the urban fabric. The result is a monumental edifice featuring a twenty-meter-tall tower clad in textured concrete, a powerful symbol of resilience and renewal.
In 2012, art collectors Johann and Lena König acquired the space, recognizing its unique potential. With the guidance of renowned architect Arno Brandlhuber, they transformed the austere concrete monolith into a dynamic contemporary art gallery and cultural hub, breathing new life into this iconic piece of Berlin’s post-war architectural heritage.
König Galerie has rotating exhibitions and free entry, making this one very much worth a visit. Info here.
Address: Alexandrinenstraße 118-121, 10969 Kreuzberg | Map
10. Sammlung Boros | Boros Foundation | Bunker Reinhardtstraße
If one building could sum up the sinister history (and often elitist present) of Berlin, it would be the Bunker Reinhardtstraße. Built by the Nazis in 1943 by thousands of forced labourers, the Bunker Reinhardtstraße was originally intended to protect railway passengers in case of an emergency.
After the fall of the Berlin Wall, the space was taken over by the techno scene. Until its closure in 1996 ‘The Bunker’ was one of the most important clubs in the city. In 2003, advertising agency founder and art collector Christian Boros purchased the site, which he converted into a private museum and penthouse.
The exterior of the building can be viewed easily at any time. But if you want to check out the interiors (and amazing private art collection) you need to book a guided tour. Book your spot here.
Address: Reinhardtstr. 20, 10117 Mitte | Map
11. Feuerle Collection
We can’t talk about one art-filled bunker in Berlin without talking about the other one. Renowned British architect John Pawson has masterfully repurposed a former Nazi-era telecommunications bunker in Berlin’s Kreuzberg district into a sophisticated museum of Asian art.
Acquired by art historian Désiré Feuerlé in 2011, the 6500-square-meter site, located on the Landwehr Canal, was originally constructed in 1942 to safeguard the government’s telecommunications during World War II. Its robust concrete structure, designed to withstand enemy attacks, provided Pawson with a unique architectural challenge.
The museum’s opening act complements this minimalist approach–a room of complete darkness, enhanced by the sounds of John Cage. The Feuerle Collection boasts an impressive array of art, ranging from 7th-13th century Southeast Asian sculptures and Chinese Imperial furniture dating back to 200 B.C. to works by renowned contemporary artists.
Visitors can take a walk around the outside while the museum is open but in order to see the interiors and art collection, you must book a viewing appointment. For such a unique experience, it’s very well worth it! Book your spot here.
Address: Hallesches Ufer 70, 10963 Kreuzberg | Map
12. Vivantes Klinikum am Urban
Founded in 1887, Klinikum Am Urban has a long and storied history in the Kreuzberg district. While the original hospital complex suffered significant damage during World War II, its legacy lives on in the form of a striking Brutalist extension designed by renowned German architect Peter Poelzig in the 1960s.
Completed in 1966, this monumental structure was a pioneering project, marking the first addition to a municipal hospital in post-war Berlin. Its distinctive V-shape dominates the skyline overlooking the idyllic Landwehrkanal, housing nine stories of patient rooms and accommodating up to 750 beds, many of which remain in use today.
Map: Dieffenbachstraße 1, 10967 Kreuzberg | Map
13. Embassy of Czech Republic | Tschechische Botschaft
The Embassy of the Czech Republic in Berlin stands as an impressive testament to Socialist Modernism, boasting a futuristic aesthetic that stands out even today.
Designed by the renowned architect couple Věra and Vladimír Machonin in the mid-1970s, the building, while not strictly classified as Brutalist, undeniably shares many of its defining characteristics. Its austere facade, stark lines, and emphasis on functionality evoke the spirit of Brutalist architecture, making it a significant landmark in the cityscape.
The interiors are warmed up boldly colored furniture and even include a movie theater accented in orange. I would love to get a tour inside someday! As it currently stands, most of us can only see it from the outside.
Addresss: Wilhelmstraße 44, 10117 Mitte | Map
14. San Gimigiano Lichtenberg
Beyond Lichtenberg’s busy Vietnamese Dong Xuan market, lies a towering brutalist tower. Welcome to the offices of architect Arno Brandlhuber, who designed a few of the other buildings on this list.
San Gimigiano takes its name from the towers of San Gimigiano, Italy. Originally part of a DDR factory, the two towers here have been completely remodeled and is now a standout example of adaptive reuse.
As today it’s an active office and artist space, this one isn’t open to the public. (Too bad! I would love a tour.) Sometimes they do host art events so keep an eye out. However, it can easily be seen from the back of the Dong Xuan market.
Address: Am Wasserwerk 22F, 10365 Lichtenberg | Map
15. Haus der Kulturen der Welt (HKW)
The Haus der Kulturen der Welt (HKW), meaning “House of the Cultures of the World” in English, aptly reflects its identity as an interdisciplinary museum and exhibition space. Formerly dedicated to showcasing the voice and freedom of the German people, HKW today prioritizes contemporary art from non-European cultures.
Designed by renowned architect Hugh Stubbins, a former assistant to Bauhaus master Walter Gropius, the building’s distinctive curved form was conceived as part of the 1957 Interbau Program. Constructed before the Berlin Wall’s fall, it was strategically placed on a man-made mound in Tiergarten, ensuring its visibility from both West and East Berlin, a powerful symbol of hope and openness across the divided city.
It’s open to the public and you can check out their events here.
Address: John-Foster-Dulles-Allee 10, 10557 Tiergarten | Map
16. St. Canisius
The St. Canisius Church in Berlin, a striking example of contemporary religious architecture, was designed by Büttner, Neumann & Braun. This modern structure, composed of bright exposed concrete, emerged victorious in a 1997 competition held to replace the church destroyed by fire in 1995.
The church’s design is characterized by its cubic form, divided into two distinct sections. A closed section contrasts with an open side, creating a dramatic “gate-like” entrance accessible only from the main church area. This interface is elegantly emphasized by warm wood, which is also used for the main entrance doors and the serene Mary Chapel. A 32-meter-tall, minimalist bell tower, crowned with a larch wood bell chamber, stands as a prominent landmark at the beginning of the church square.
Address: Witzlebenstraße 30, 14057 Charlottenburg | Map
17. St. Norbert Kirche
The St. Norbert Church on Dominicusstraße in Schöneberg stands as a fascinating testament to architectural evolution. Severely damaged during World War II, the church underwent a significant transformation.
Renowned architects Hermann Fehling and Daniel Gogel were commissioned to remodel the structure, resulting in a unique fusion of old and new. Rather than simply restoring the original, they boldly embraced the site’s history, designing a Brutalist-inspired extension that dramatically wraps around the existing building. This striking juxtaposition culminates in a dramatic angular bell tower reaching toward the sky.
Address: Dominicusstraße 19B, 10823 Schöneberg | Map
18. Paul Gerhardt Kirche
The history of the Paul Gerhardt Church mirrors the fate of many Berlin structures: heavily damaged during World War II, it was ultimately replaced with a new building.
The replacement church, a striking testament to post-war modernism, was a collaborative effort by renowned architects Hermann Fehling, Daniel Gogel, and Peter Pfankuch. Constructed between 1958 and 1962, it boldly embraces a contemporary aesthetic with its angular forms and dynamic interplay of lines and planes, creating a striking contrast with the architectural legacy of its Art Nouveau predecessor.
Address: Hauptstraße 46-48, 10827 Schöneberg | Map
19. ExRotaprint
Tucked away within an industrial courtyard in the Wedding district lies the former production site of Rotaprint—a once-thriving printing press manufacturer. This striking example of Brutalist architecture, designed by architect Klaus Kirsten in the late 1950s, stands as a testament to the area’s industrial heritage.
Once a major employer in Wedding, Rotaprint ceased operations in 1989. However, the building has found new life as ExRotaprint, an open workspace that provides a creative hub for artists, startups, and social groups. Managed by Liegenschaftsfonds (the Real Estate Fund), ExRotaprint continues to play a vital role in the evolving cultural landscape of the Wedding neighborhood.
Address: Gottschedstr. 4, 13357 Wedding | Map
20. Bayer Schering AG Building
Between 1969 and 1978, the architectural firm Kiemle, Kreidt, and Partner undertook a complete redesign of the Schering AG site on Müllerstraße, primarily focusing on expanding research and administrative facilities.
The design emphasized dynamic movement, a concept vividly expressed through the distinctive stair and elevator towers integrated into the 15-story administrative building. This emphasis on vertical circulation is echoed in the 13-story research building on Fennstraße, where the externally positioned emergency staircase serves solely as a functional element, independent of the building’s structural integrity.
Address: Müllerstraße 178, 13353 Wedding | Map
21. Reethaus | Flussbad Campus
The Reethaus is a new cultural space in Berlin, nestled into the banks of the Spree. It’s a part of the ambitious Flussbad Campus development, which will ultimately encompass a diverse range of spaces, including wild parkland, workspaces, restaurants, and accommodations, all integrated with the existing Weimar-era river baths.
At the heart of this vibrant community stands the Reethaus, its striking thatched roof reminiscent of a Mayan temple, serving as the architectural highlight and meeting center for Slowness, a collective dedicated to promoting sustainable living and longevity.
Address: Köpenicker Ch 3a, 10317 Lichtenberg | Map
22. Lobe Block
The innovative Lobe Block/Terrassenhaus Berlin seamlessly blends creative workspaces with a vibrant community atmosphere. This innovative project, designed by a collaboration of architectural firms – Brandlhuber + Emde, Burlon & Muck Petzet Architekten – occupies a former scrapyard near the railway tracks in the neighboring district of Wedding.
Inspired by the traditional terraced house typology, Terrassenhaus Berlin integrates seamlessly into the surrounding neighborhood, coexisting with 19th-century residences, commercial buildings, and even a climbing hall.
However, it goes beyond the conventional, embracing a mixed-use program that includes artist studios, a restaurant, a yoga studio, and urban gardens. Their Canteen is usually open, so you can always pop in for a snack or a drink or maybe even a boozy weekend brunch. Check out their Instagram for more!
Address: Böttgerstrasse 16, 13357 Wedding | Map
The Future of Berlin Brutalism
Whether loved or loathed, Berlin’s Brutalist architecture remains an indelible part of the city’s character – raw, honest, and unapologetically bold.
The next time you walk past one of these concrete giants, take a moment to look beyond the surface. In their rough textures and dramatic forms lies a fascinating story of a city rebuilding itself, one bold structural statement at a time.
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